Science and political ideology with an emphasis on Nazi Germany

By Ute Deichmann

Abstract

What was the predominant scientific and political ideology in Nazi Germany? How was science conducted under Hitler? Are German scientists responsible for the Holocaust? In her lecture, Ute Deichmann answers these questions in detail. She begins her talk by recalling the definition of ideology and explaining it in the context of Nazi Germany. She then talks about the eviction of Jewish scientists under Hitler and the ideological transformation of science in universities and laboratories at the time. She tells the audience about the specific topic of race hygiene and euthanasia in Nazi Germany before finishing her talk by explaining the Nazi viewpoint on ecology and environmental medicine.

Summary

00:00:10 – 1. Introduction
00:00:50 – 1.1. What is ideology?
00:00:52 – 1.1.1. Definition of ideology
00:03:35 – 1.1.2. Totalitarian ideologies

00:12:20 – 2. Eviction of scientists who did not fulfill the “racial” criteria
00:12:25 – 2.1. The measures of eviction
00:14:35 – 2.2. Statistics
00:18:50 – 2.3. Resistance to the measures of eviction against Jewish scientists

00:21:32 – 3. Ideological transformation of science in Nazi Germany
00:22:39 – 3.1. Scientific principles
00:22:49 – 3.2. Aryan physics
00:25:28 – 3.3. Johannes Stark
00:36:42 – 3.4. Comparison with Stalinist USSR
00:36:43 – 3.4.1.Trofim Lysenko
00:43:47 – 3.4.2. Nowadays rebirth of Lysenko’s ideology
00:50:30 – 3.5. Similarities and differences between Stark and Lysenko

00:51:50 – 4. Race hygiene and euthanasia
00:54:10 – 4.1. Nazi laws
00:55:30 – 4.2. Application of the laws

01:13:24 – 5. Ecology, environmental and alternative medicine in Nazi Germany
01:13:25 – 5.1. Ecology
01:16:05 – 5.2. Environmental medicine
01:17:25 – 5.2.1. Results
01:20:45 – 5.3. The role of political leaders

01:25:51 – 6. Conclusion